Life and Important Facts about Composer Ludwig van Beethoven from our Know the Great Composers and Classical Musicians Series.
What was the inspiration behind Beethoven’s ninth symphony? And, what was the significance of the symphony?
Beethoven’s ninth symphony is one of the most celebrated and influential works in the history of classical music. It is also the first symphony to include a chorus and vocal soloists, setting the words of Friedrich Schiller’s poem “Ode to Joy”. The poem expresses the ideals of universal brotherhood, freedom and happiness, which resonated with Beethoven’s own political and personal views.
Beethoven had been fascinated by Schiller’s poem since the 1790s, but he did not start working on the symphony until 1822, when he received a commission from the London Philharmonic Society. He completed the symphony in 1824, after overcoming many difficulties, including his worsening deafness, ill health and financial troubles. He conducted the premiere in Vienna on May 7, 1824, but he could not hear the applause or the music. He had to be turned around by one of the musicians to see the enthusiastic response of the audience.
The original copy of Beethoven’s 9th Symphony
The symphony was a revolutionary work in many ways. It broke the conventions of symphonic form, structure and length, creating a monumental musical drama that spans four movements and lasts over an hour. It also introduced new elements of harmony, melody and orchestration, expanding the expressive range and power of music. It challenged the social and political norms of its time, by proclaiming a message of human dignity and equality in the face of oppression and tyranny. It inspired generations of composers, musicians and listeners, who saw in it a symbol of hope, unity and joy.
The ninth symphony is widely regarded as Beethoven’s masterpiece and one of the greatest achievements of Western culture. It has been performed at many important occasions, such as the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, the celebration of the European Union in 1992 and the Olympic Games in 2004. It has also been adopted as the anthem of Europe and as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is a testament to Beethoven’s genius and vision, and to his enduring legacy as one of the most influential composers of all time.
Caroline Unger, who sang the contralto part at the first performance and is credited with turning Beethoven to face the applauding audience.
Images: From Public Domain
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